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Village Earth: The Consortium for Sustainable Village-Based Development (CSVBD) DBA: Village Earth is a publicly supported 501(c)(3) non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO) based in Fort Collins, Colorado. The organization works for the empowerment of rural and indigenous communities around the world with active projects with the Oglala Lakota〔http://www.linkcenterfoundation.org/id24.html〕 on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota, the Shipibo-Konibo of the Amazon region of Peru, India, Cambodia, and Guatemala. Village Earth〔http://www.hydrogennow.org/Opinion/VILLAGE%20EARTH--Missing%20Link.pdf〕 is associated with the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)() at Colorado State University. Village Earth is also the publisher for the Appropriate Technology Library () and The Appropriate Technology Sourcebook (), a low-cost rural-development resource initiated by Volunteers in Asia〔http://www.viaprograms.org/〕 in 1975 but transferred to Village Earth in 1995. ==Objectives== The roots of Village Earth's approach〔Faulkner, A. O. and M. L. Albertson. "Tandem use of Hard and Soft Technology: an Evolving Model for Third World Village Development" International Journal of Applied Engineering Education. Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 127–137, 1986.〕 to community development grew from the reformist tradition of development which emerged in the 1970s as a reaction to liberal and neoliberal development policies which were blamed for increasing income gap and as well as increasing human migration from rural to urban areas around the globe.〔http://www.monthlyreview.org/0506herrera.htm〕〔Rural Development and Urban Migration: Can We Keep Them down on the Farm?, International Migration Review, Vol. 17, No. 1 (Spring, 1983), pp. 34–64〕 To address this situation, reformist approaches attempt to achieve greater equity, sustainability, and local self-reliance〔http://sfaa.metapress.com/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,3,10;journal,78,210;linkingpublicationresults,1:113218,1〕 through an integrated multi-sector approach emphasizing the use of "appropriate technology" the creation of local participatory institutions.〔Shamsul Haque. Restructuring Development Theories and Policies: A Critical Study, State University of New York Press (1999)〕 While the roots of the Village Earth approach can be traced to reformist traditions of development,〔http://journeytoforever.org/community2.html〕 it combined many practices used in community development programs around the world in a new way. In particular these include: # A sustainable livelihoods approach which recognizes the multi-layered and interrelated survival strategies of rural families and communities and seeks to build on assets and eliminate underlying constraints through an ongoing process of participatory reflection and action. # The clustering〔http://www.villageearth.org/pages/Successes/Blog/2007/03/test_20.html〕〔Cluster development〕 and networking of local institutions to promote regional self-reliance without compromising local autonomy. # The development of multi-sector service centers to link local institutions to local, regional, and global resources. # The creation of mutual agreements and clarification of roles between internal and external activators (locals and outside community workers). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Village Earth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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